![]() The notes also carry the acronyms of the name of the European Central Bank in five linguistic variants, covering all official languages of the EU in 2002 (the time of the banknote introduction), and now 19 out of 24 official languages of the EU27, in the following order: The 12 stars from the flag are also incorporated into every note. For table standards, see the banknote specification table.Īll the notes of the initial series of euro notes bear the European flag, a map of the continent on the reverse, the name "euro" in both Latin and Greek script (EURO / ΕΥΡΩ) and the signature of a president of the ECB, depending on when the banknote was printed. These images are to scale at 0.7 pixel per millimetre. The following table depicts the design characteristics of the 1st series (ES1) of euro notes. The architectural examples featured are stylised illustrations of the corresponding style, rather than representations of existing structures. ![]() Each has a distinctive colour and size, and displays examples of a historical European architectural style: windows or gateways on the obverse, and bridges on the reverse. Slovenia joined the eurozone in 2007, Cyprus and Malta in 2008, Slovakia in 2009, Estonia in 2011, Latvia in 2014, Lithuania in 2015 and Croatia in 2023. In 2009, the Lisbon Treaty formalised the euro's political authority, the Eurogroup, alongside the European Central Bank. The euro rapidly took over from the former national currencies and slowly expanded around the growing EU. Though the currency was born virtually in 1999, notes and coins did not begin to circulate until 2002. The Maastricht Treaty entered into force in 1993 with the goal of creating economic and monetary union by 1999 for all EU states except the UK and Denmark (though Denmark has a policy of a fixed exchange rate with the euro). The euro's creation had been a goal of the European Union (EU) and its predecessors since the 1960s. The euro came into existence on 1 January 1999. It is also used de facto in two other countries ( Kosovo and Montenegro) (light blue) The euro is used in the 20 eurozone countries (dark blue). The Europa series lower denomination €5 and €10 banknotes are designed to last longer, thanks to additional coating. High denomination banknotes (€100, €200, €500) typically last longer as they are less frequently used. Įstimates suggest that the average life of a euro banknote is about three years before replacement due to wear, but with a wide variation by denomination level, from less than a year for €5 banknotes to over 30 years for €500 banknotes, on average. ![]() This series does not have a €500 note, as the ECB have decided to permanently cease its production over concerns that it could facilitate illicit activities. On 8 November 2012, the ECB announced that the first series of notes would be replaced by the Europa series (also called ES2), starting with the 5 euro note on. Instead, this information is shown by the first character of each note's serial number.Īccording to European Central Bank estimates, in December 2022, there were about 29.450 billion banknotes in circulation around the eurozone, with a total value of about €1.572 trillion. While euro coins have a national side indicating the country of issue (although not necessarily of minting), euro notes lack this. The euro notes contain many complex security features such as watermarks, invisible ink characteristics, holograms, optically variable inks and microprinting that document their authenticity. They measure from 120 by 62 millimetres (4.7 in × 2.4 in) to 160 by 82 millimetres (6.3 in × 3.2 in) and have a variety of color schemes. The euro banknotes are pure cotton fibre, which improves their durability as well as giving the banknotes a distinctive feel. The euro rapidly took over from the former national currencies and slowly expanded around the European Union.ĭenominations of the notes range from €5 to €500 and, unlike euro coins, the design is identical across the whole of the eurozone, although they are issued and printed in various member states. In 2002, notes and coins began to circulate. The euro was established in 1999, but "for the first three years it was an invisible currency, used for accounting purposes only, e.g. They are issued by the national central banks of the Eurosystem or the European Central Bank. Euro banknotes from the first series ( The Ages and Styles of Europe) (2002–2013)īanknotes of the euro, the common currency of the eurozone (euro area members), have been in circulation since the first series (also called ES1) was issued in 2002.
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